#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long 
using namespace std;

int main(){
  int t;
  cin >> t;
  while (t--){
    //vector<ll> a(3);
    ll a, b, ans = 0;
    cin >> a >> b;
    while (a + a <= b){
      a += a;
      ans++;
    }
    ans += (b - a);
    cout << ans << endl;
  }
}