#include <bits/stdc++.h>
//#define ll long long int

using namespace std;
typedef long long int ll;
priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int>> pq;
const ll md = 1e9 + 7;
const ll md1 = 998244353;
map<ll, vector<ll>> tree;
//map<ll, int> mp;
bool ok(ll mid,ll k,ll hi){

ll lo=k;
ll h=hi;
while(lo<=h){
        ll md=(lo+h)/2;
ll tmp1=(md*(md+1))/2-(k*(k-1))/2;
ll tmp2=(hi*(hi+1))/2-(md*(md+1))/2;
if(tmp1-tmp2<((-1ll)*mid))lo=md+1;
else if(tmp1-tmp2>mid)h=md-1;
else return true;
}
return false;
}
void sufi() {
ll a,b;
cin>>a>>b;
if(a>b)swap(a,b);
 a=a*(b-1);
cout<<a<<endl;
}
int main() {
    int t;
cin>>t;
    while (t--) {
        sufi();
       tree.clear();
        //mp.clear();
    }
    return 0;
}