#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int t;
    cin>>t;
    while(t--)
    {
        long long a,b;
        cin>>a>>b;

        long long maxx=max(a,b);
        long long minn=min(a,b);

        cout<<minn*(maxx-1)<<endl;
    }
}