#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;
using i64 = long long;

void solve() {
    int n, k; cin >> n >> k;
    int m = (k + 2 * n - 1) / (2 * n);
    cout << k * m - m * m * n << '\n';
}

signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr);
    i64 T; cin >> T;
    while(T--) solve();
    return 0;
}